The decision clears the way for Polish prosecutors and courts to pursue legal proceedings against the lawmakers, as parliamentary immunity no longer shields them from investigation or prosecution. The MEPs are Patryk Jaki and Daniel Obajtek from the opposition Law and Justice (PiS) party, as well as Grzegorz Braun and Tomasz Buczek, both from far-right groupings, each facing separate allegations ranging from defamation to obstruction and assault. Jaki’s case stems from a private defamation complaint filed by Polish judge Igor Tuleya over remarks made during the 2024 European election campaign, in which he allegedly accused the judge of knowingly authorizing surveillance using Israeli Pegasus spyware. After Tuleya rejected the claim as false, Jaki was said to have suggested the judge lacked awareness of documents he had signed. Obajtek, the former head of state-controlled oil group Orlen, faces allegations of giving false testimony in court and of restricting the distribution of the satirical weekly “NIE” at company petrol stations over a cover featuring Pope John Paul II.